Apparatus for cutting holes in structures and details having cylindrical surface

ABSTRACT

An apparatus for cutting holes in structures and details having cylindrical surface with the aid of a cutter mounted with a possibility of simultaneous displacement in horizontal and vertical planes, in accordance with a mode set by a profiling device whose cams are placed on both sides of the cutter and are connected with the latter by means of a rod pivotally connected to the cutter and the cams, which rod, capable of tilting in a vertical plane, serves to maintain the cutter position at the level of a preset distance between the cutter and the surface of a structure in which a hole is being cut.

United States Patent [72] Inventors vikl l'Mik [50] FieldofSearch..266/23R,

ulitsa dzerzhinskogo, 3, kv. 60;

23 N, 23 NW, 23 B, 23 E, 23 K, 23 M; 33/21 R, 21 Robert AshotovichShiganov,ulitsa B, 21 C; 77/77 Shurukhina, 26, kv. 75; Alexander IlichRemesnikov, prospekt Lenina, 179, kv.

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 10/1946Howard........................

1 l4; Jury Nikolaevich Kosik, ulitsa Gelendzhikskaya, 21, kv. 2; NikolaiCCNX 113 3 222 2 ll tl/ 336 6 33 /6 n e :6 m bn anua .lr. WCGE 899 55569999 1111 ///l 9206 11 74 96 11386 8760 066 5 4 S 8 9 4 22223 21Appl.No. 221 Filed Primary Examiner-Frank T. Yost Attorney-Waters,Roditi, Schwartz & Nissen Dec. 23, 1969 [45] Patented Oct. 12, 1971ABSTRACT: An apparatus for cutting holes in structures and detailshaving cylindrical surface with the aid of a cutter mounted with apossibility of simultaneous displacement in horizontal and verticalplanes, in accordance with a mode set by a profiling device whose camsare placed on both sides of the cutter and are connected with the latterby means of a rod pivotally connected to the cutter and the cams, whichrod, capable of tilting in a vertical plane, serves to maintain e cutterposition at the level of a preset distance between the cutter and thesurface of a structure in which a hole is being cut.

mum men A m m u m m AE m norm o m m RNwm m m OA w m m FS a m m m URI TURm m ATD n RcNm l. L

AUl.m C C w nd U w b APPARATUS FOR CUTTING HOLES IN STRUCTURES ANDDETAILS HAVING CYLINDRICAL SURFACE The present invention relates toapparatus for cutting holes in structures and details having cylindricalsurface, mainly boilers, tanks, heat exchangers etc.

There are widely known apparatus for cutting, with the aid of a cutter,round holes in the above-mentioned structures. In such apparatus acurvilinear closed-space trajectory of the cutter movement is ensured bythe use of a sine or cam gear.

There are likewise known apparatus in which the cutter is fixed on awheel with a possibility of vertical displacement by means of a specialdrive switched over for lifting or lowering depending upon thedisplacement of a profiling cam on the cylindrical surface of thestructure.

The main disadvantage inherent in all the known apparatus consists inthat they do not provide for a uniform distance between the cutter andthe cylindrical surface of structures and details featuring ovality orconicity within permissible limits. Besides, these apparatus are to berather accurately arranged with respect to the longitudinal axis of thecylindrical surface, for their tilting is liable to cause considerablevariations of the distance from the cutter nozzle to the surface ofstructures and detailsNonuniformity of the distance between the cutterand surface being treated has a negative effect upon the quality of thecut, reduces the rate of cutting, causes additional operations oneliminating the defects of cutting.

It is an object of the present invention to eliminate theabove-mentioned disadvantages of the known apparatus.

The main object of the present invention is to provide suchinterconnection between the cutter and profiling cams as to ensure auniform distance between the cutter and cylindrical surface of astructure or detail under any conditions in the course of cutting.

In the accomplishment of said problem, in an apparatus for cutting holesin structures and details having cylindrical surface with the aid of acutter mounted with a possibility of simultaneous displacement inhorizontal and vertical planes in accordance with a mode set by aprofiling device, according to the invention, profiling cams of saidprofiling device are placed on both sides of the cutter with apossibility of unobstructed vertical movement independent of each otherin members serving to connect them with the cutter and, besides, thecutter and the cams are additionally connected by means of a rod towhich each of the cams and the cutter are connected with the aid ofpivot joints, the cutter pivot joint being mounted with a possibility ofdisplacing along the rod.

The possibility of the cutter pivot movement along the rod is attainedby the fact that the latter is provided with longitudinal groovesadapted to receive rollers fixed on the axle of the pivot connecting thecutter with the rod, whereas the pivot joints connecting the profilingcams to the rod are formed by oval slots in the rod and pins adapted toenter openings in the cams and the oval slots of the rod.

The present invention will be more apparent upon considering adetaileddescription of a specific embodiment thereof, reference being had to theaccompanying drawing which shows an axonometric view of an apparatus forcutting holes in structures and details having cylindrical surface,according to the invention.

The apparatus incorporates a frame 1 with bearing rollers 2 in which atoothed wheel 3 rotates. The wheel 3 is rotated by means of a drive 4,likewise mounted on the frame 1. Mounted on the wheel 3 are guides 5 and6 adapted for the displacement therealong of a carriage 7 carrying a bar8 on which a cutter 10 is mounted with the aid of a bracket 9. The frame1 is provided with guides 11 in which a cleat 13 moves on rollers 12.The cleat 13 is provided with a groove 14 in which moves a slide 15rotatably mounted on the journal of the carriage 7 (the journal notshown in the drawing). Mounted in sleeves 16 on the cleat 13, with apossibility of unobstructed independent movement, are profiling cams 17.

The cutter l0 and the profiling cams 17 are pivotally interconnected bymeans of a rod 18.

The profiling cams 17 are connected to the rod 18 by means of pins 19received in oval slots 20 of the rod 18.

A pivot joint 21 whereby the cutter 10 is connected to the rod 18 iscapable of longitudinal displacement along the rod.

To this end, the axle of the pivot joint 21 mounts rollers 21 receivedby longitudinal grooves 23 of the rod 18.

For positioning the cutter 10 at an angle to the surface being treated,the bracket 9 is provided with an arrangement 24 adapted to be manuallydisplaced in a shaped groove 25 of the bracket 9.

Both gas and plasma cutter can be employed for the purpose of cuttingholes.

The apparatus can be placed on a balcony or portal for the purpose ofcutting holes in large-size cylindrical articles.

The apparatus of the present invention operates in the following way.

The apparatus is fixed with the aid of magnets 27 on the cylindricalsurface of a-structure 26 so that an indicator 28 of the center of ahole to be cut coincide with the center of a hole marked on thecylindrical surface of the article. Thereupon, the indicator 28 isremoved and placed on the frame 1 so as not to obstruct the movement ofthe cleat 13. The carriage 7 together with the bar 8 and the cutter l0fixed on the latter is, in accordance to graduation indexes on the guide6, set to a diameter somewhat smaller than the diameter of the hole tobe cut.

The cutter 10 is set to operation, and a cut starting hole is flamedrilled in the metal of the cylindrical structure 26. By turning aflywheel 29, the guide 5, together with the carriage 7 with the bar 8and the cutter 10, is displaced to the value of the required diameter ofthe hole being cut. The drive 4 is switched on to rotate the wheel 3,whose rotation causes circumferential displacement of the carriage 7and, with the aid of the slide 15, causes reciprocation of the cleat 13in the guides 11 in a horizontal plane, transversely with respect to thecylindrical surface. The bar 8 with the cutter 10 movescircumferentially together with the carriage 7.

The movement of the cleat 13 causes vertical displacement (lifting orlowering) of the profiling earns 17, since the latter move on acurvilinear surface transversely with respect to the generatrices.

The vertical displacement of the profiling earns 17 causes, with the aidof the pins 19, the rod 18 and the pivot joint 21, vertical displacementof the bar 8 with the cutter 10, required in accordance with the angleof turn of the wheel 3. The wheel 3 with the cutter 10, upon making acomplete revolution, is automatically stopped by limit switches (thelimit switches not shown in the drawing), and the hole-cutting cycleterminates.

The distance from the cutter nozzle to the cylindrical surface of thearticle remains constant throughout the process of cutting, for thecutter and the profiling cams in their movement are always on the samecommon generating cylindrical surface.

If the cylindrical surface of the structure 26 features conicity orovality, or the apparatus is positioned with insufficient accuracy, witha tilt relative the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical surface, one ofthe profiling cams l7 lifts or lowers with respect to the other cam,thereby causing the rod 18 to turn in a vertical plane.

The rod 18, turning in a vertical plane, adjusts the position of thecutter 10, actually maintaining the distance between the cutter and thecylindrical surface of the article at a present level.

For making chamfers on the hole cut edge, the cutter 10 together withthe arrangement 24 is inclined along the shaped groove 25 of the bracket9. Operations that follow are analogous with those performed whencutting a straight-edged hole.

After cutting the hole and making chamfers, the apparatus is removedfrom the article and mounted for cutting a subsequent hole.

We claim:

1. An apparatus for cutting holes in structures and details havingcylindrical surface, comprising: a cutter mounted with a possibility ofsimultaneous displacement in horizontal and vertical planes; a profilingdevice adapted to set the mode of the vertical displacement of saidcutter; profiling cams of said profiling device; members serving toconnect said profiling cams with said cutter, in which members saidprofiling cams are mounted with a possibility of unobstructed verticalmovement independent of each other; a rod serving to additionally couplesaid cutter and said profiling cams, both the cutter and

1. An apparatus for cutting holes in structures and details havingcylindrical surface, comprising: a cutter mounted with a possibility ofsimultaneous displacement in horizontal and vertical planes; a profilingdevice adapted to set the mode of the vertical displacement of saidcutter; profiling cams of said profiling device; members serving toconnect said profiling cams with said cutter, in which members saidprofiling cams are mounted with a possibility of unobstructed verticalmovement independent of each other; a rod serving to additionally couplesaid cutter and said profiling cams, both the cutter and the cams beingconnected to said rod by means of pivot joints, the pivot joint of saidcutter being mounted with a possibility of displacement along said rod.2. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said rod is provided witha longitudinal groove adapted to receive a roller fixed on the axle ofsaid pivot joint serving to connect the cutter with said rod, while onthe ends of the rod provision is made of oval slots adapted to receivepins of said profiling cams.